上海新航道GRE小編給大家?guī)?018年5月13日GRE考試內(nèi)容回顧，上海新航道GRE真題欄目長(zhǎng)期為大家整理更新GRE最新考試真題回憶，有需要的同學(xué)歡迎長(zhǎng)期關(guān)注!

  作文機(jī)經(jīng)

  Issue

  Claim: Imagination is a more valuable asset than experience.

  Reason: People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible without the constraints of established habits and attitudes.

  Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based

  題目翻譯

  有時(shí)候想象力是比經(jīng)驗(yàn)更有價(jià)值的財(cái)富。缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人得以自由的想象任何可能性，并且由此可以達(dá)成一個(gè)目標(biāo)而不受既定習(xí)慣和態(tài)度的限制。

  Outline

  I fundamentally agree with the speaker's assertion;however,as the speaker implies,it is impossible not to overstate the comparative value of imagination.

  1. One need only observe young children as they go about their daily lives to appreciate the role that pure imagination can play as an aid to accomplishing tasks.

  2. The speaker's contention also finds ample empirical support in certain forms of artistic accomplishment and scientific invention.

  3. Of course, there are many notable exceptions to the rule that imagination unfettered by experience breeds remarkable insights and accomplishments.

  4. On the other hand, it is important not to take this assertion about artistic and scientific accomplishment too far.

  Argument

  The following appeared in a health magazine.

  "The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago.Furthermore,there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran,a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol.This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat."

  Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

  題目翻譯

  以下文字出自于一本健康雜志:“Forsythe 的居民采取了更健康的生活方式。他們對(duì)于最近一項(xiàng)調(diào)查的回答顯示，他們的飲食習(xí)慣比十年前更加貼近政府的營(yíng)養(yǎng)建議。而且，含有kiran的食品銷量增長(zhǎng)了四倍，在一次科學(xué)研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)kiran是一種能夠降低膽固醇水平的物質(zhì)。這種趨勢(shì)同樣也被sulia的銷量下降所證實(shí)，sulia是那些最健康的居民極少食用的食品?！?

  寫一篇文章，闡述需要哪些具體的證據(jù)來評(píng)價(jià)這個(gè)論證過程，并解釋這些證據(jù)如何削弱或強(qiáng)化這個(gè)論證過程。

  題目分析

  A. 前提[隱性]：Forsythe 的居民飲食習(xí)慣越來越健康

  B. 結(jié)論：the citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles Forsythe的居民采取了更健康的生活方式

  C. 論據(jù)：

  1. Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago

  他們對(duì)于最近一項(xiàng)調(diào)查的回答顯示，他們的飲食習(xí)慣比十年前更加貼近政府的營(yíng)養(yǎng)建議

  2. There has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran,a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol

  含有 kiran的食品銷量增長(zhǎng)了四倍，在一次科學(xué)研究中収現(xiàn)kiran是一種能夠降低膽固醇水平的物質(zhì)

  3. This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat

  這種趨勢(shì)同樣也被sulia的銷量下降所證實(shí)，sulia是那些最健康的居民極少食用的食品

  提綱(可攻擊點(diǎn))

  1、KIRAN銷量增加是否是因?yàn)槿藗兛粗衅浣档湍懝檀妓降墓δ?除了采取更健康的生活方式以外，哪些其他因素會(huì)不含有kiran的食品銷量增加有更直接的關(guān)系?請(qǐng)舉例并簡(jiǎn)述。

  2、相對(duì)于十年前居民的飲食習(xí)慣(未知信息)，現(xiàn)在居民飲食習(xí)慣貼近政府的營(yíng)養(yǎng)建議能否說明居民關(guān)注健康生活方式?除了關(guān)注健康，還有哪些其他可能會(huì)引起這樣的發(fā)化?

  3、除了采取更健康的生活方式，其他因素是否與sulia的銷量下降有更直接的關(guān)系?

  4、最健康的居民極少食用sulia能否有效說明sulia對(duì)健康生活有負(fù)作用?還有哪些其他解釋?

  5、“最健康”的居民是否是“采取健康生活方式”的那部分人?可能存在哪些不同的情況?

  6、除了采取更健康的生活方式以外，其他因素是否與飲食習(xí)慣比十年前更加貼近政府的營(yíng)養(yǎng)建議有更直接的關(guān)系?

  填空等價(jià)機(jī)經(jīng)

  1. The name of the Sloane Matthew Library has long been_____ ;even longtime city residents assume it is a run-of-the-mill library, never suspecting what art treasures it contains.

  A. revered

  B. proposed

  C. misleading

  D. elevated

  E. intriguing

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  分號(hào)前后語(yǔ)氣方向一致，其中never suspecting what art treasures it contains.說到大家認(rèn)為博物館里面沒啥特別的。那么空就選負(fù)向詞misleading

  其它選項(xiàng)含義：A 尊敬 B 提議 D 提高，振奮 E 有趌的，令人著迷的

  2. At their best,(i) _____ book reviews are written in defense of value and in the tacit hope that the author,having had his or her(ii) _____ pointed out,might secretly agree that the book could be improved.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii)

  A. abstruse D. strengths

  B. adverse E. transgressions

  C. hortatory F. assumptions

  正確答案

  B E

  題目解析

  首先,that后面的內(nèi)容the author, having had his or her()pointed out, might secretly agree that the book could be improved. 這句話的意思是，在他的( )被指出來之后，作者才同意書能被修改。既然說書能被修改，說明存在不足之處處，故空格2應(yīng)該填寫一個(gè)負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)的詞語(yǔ)，表示作者的(負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)詞語(yǔ))被指出來。負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)的詞只有transgressions。其次，that前面說：盡其所能，基于維護(hù)書的價(jià)值以及基于心照不宣的希望，( )的書評(píng)被寫下來。在這里，書評(píng)被寫下來的目的有兩個(gè)：1.維護(hù)書的價(jià)值;2.有著心照不宣的希望。而that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是hope，that定語(yǔ)從句的主干是the author might secretly agree that the book could be improved，故這個(gè)hope指的是作者同意書可以被修改。而作者同意書被修改，是在他的 transgressions 被指出來之后。因此，寫書評(píng)的目的能夠達(dá)到，就要指出作者的transgressions，而什么樣書評(píng)才能指出作者的丌趍?當(dāng)然只有負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)的書評(píng)才能指出不足。所以空格1要填寫一個(gè)負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)的詞匯，adverse。

  題目翻譯

  往好的方面考慮，負(fù)面的書本評(píng)價(jià)可以是用來維護(hù)書的價(jià)值的，幵且對(duì)于作者來說，他們也暗自(secretly)同意，當(dāng)他們的transgression被指出的時(shí)候，他們的書可以獲得進(jìn)一步的提升。

  3. In the nineteenth century the (i)_____advanced mechanical printing techniques made it possible for newspaper owners to print newspapers cheaply and in mass quantities,but unlike many other mechanized industries,where machines (ii)_____ workers,the new printing machines required trained compositors to run them,thereby (iii) _____ the demand for skilled printing labor.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii) Blank (iii)

  A. wide application of D. marginalized G. ignoring

  B. extensive resistance to E. intrigued H. anticipating

  C. great expense of F. isolated I. increasing

  正確答案

  A D I

  題目解析

  第一空由題意易知選 A，表示19 世紀(jì)機(jī)器打印技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用使報(bào)紙打印更便宜和更大數(shù)量。第三空，新機(jī)器需要訓(xùn)練新人去操作機(jī)器，因此打印技工的需求會(huì)怎樣，需要新人，那需求就是增加。第三空為increasing。第二空unlike和but都體現(xiàn)反義重復(fù)，新機(jī)器需要工人，舊機(jī)器工人，應(yīng)該是體現(xiàn)工人的不重要性。排除 E. intrigued 吸引人的，剩下兩個(gè)的意思分別是：isolate：set apart from others; select from among others;insulate 隔離;區(qū)別;孤立marginalized：to relegate to unimportant or powerless position within a society or group降到不重要的位置。故第二空為 D

  4. A particular bacterium that has never encountered a particular virus will usually succumb to it,a_____that may,surprisingly,be beneficial to the colony in which the bacterium lives.

  A. susceptibility

  B. theory

  C. characteristic

  D. juxtaposition

  E. collision

  F. hypothesis

  正確答案

  A C

  題目解析

  第一句：從未遭遇過特定病毒的紳菌往往會(huì)屈服于它，令人驚奇的是，它的這一特性有益于紳菌的繁殖生長(zhǎng)。surprising 表前后矛盾/反義。前面說紳菌容易屈服，為負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)，后面說這一特性也帶來了好處，描述的是紳菌的特性 所以選 AC 表示特征 特性補(bǔ)充： 前面說會(huì)前面說會(huì)抑制，后面說會(huì)有益于，然后中間要填的是一個(gè)過程 colony in，這個(gè)過程必須包涵有病毒的特性，所以選 A，關(guān)于 C 是因?yàn)? susceptibility 的上意詞是characteristic。

  5. Family photos of the author suggest that she was _____ child: she seemed to wear a permanent frown.

  A. a sullen

  B. an amiable

  C. a surly

  D. a beautiful

  E. a prudent

  F. a stunning

  正確答案

  A C

  題目解析

  這位作家的家庭合照表明了她從小就是個(gè)___的孩子：她看起來像是永進(jìn)在皺眉。

  frown提示選不開心，陰郁;sullen 不高興的;amiable 令人愉悅的;surly 壞脾氣;prudent 謹(jǐn)慎;stunning causing astonishment or disbelief

  6. Biologists agree that snakes descended from lizards,but exactly where this first happened has been a matter of debate since the 1800s,when two _____ theories emerged.

  A. complex

  B. competing

  C. dubious

  D. conclusive

  E. contending

  F. irrefutable

  正確答案

  B E

  題目解析

  第一句話指出生物學(xué)家的共識(shí)，就是蛇的祖先來自蜥蜴。第二句話but轉(zhuǎn)折，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的爭(zhēng)議。所以theories前面的形容詞應(yīng)填debate的同義字.

  competing=contending 都有提出相互競(jìng)逐的主張之義;irrefutable=conclusive 則為debate的反義字;dubious 是懷疑的意思，和complex不構(gòu)成任何一組同義字。

  數(shù)學(xué)機(jī)經(jīng)

  1. According to surveys at a company,20 percent of the employees owned cell phones in 1994,and 60 percent of the employees owned cell phones in 1998.

  From 1994 to 1998,what was the percent increase in the fraction of employees who owned cell phones?

  A. 3%

  B. 20%

  C. 30%

  D. 200%

  E. 300%

  正確答案

  D

  題目解析

  1994年20%的人有手機(jī)，1998年60%的人有手機(jī)，手機(jī)人數(shù)從20%增長(zhǎng)到60%，其中增長(zhǎng)的百分比為(60%-20%)/20%，也就是200%，所以選 D。

  2. The relationship between temperature C,in degrees Celsius,and temperature F,in degrees Fahrenheit,is given by the formula F=9/5 *c + 32.If a recipe calls for an oven temperature of 210 degrees Celsius,what is the oven temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?

  A. 320

  B. 350

  C. 410

  D. 420

  E. 500

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  給出了華氏和攝氏溫度的轉(zhuǎn)換公式，將210代入公式的C，得出 F=410，選 C。

  3. In right triangle ABC, the ratio of the lengths of the two legs is 2 to 5. If the area of triangle ABC is 20, what is the length of the hypotenuse?

  A. 7

  B. 10

  C. 4√5

  D. √29

  E. 2√29

  正確答案

  E

  題目解析

  直角三角形已知兩直接邊比例，根據(jù)面積為 20，反推出兩邊分別是 4 和 10，因此斜邊長(zhǎng)度等于√(16+100)=2√29，選 E。

  4. If an investment of P dollars is made today and the value of the investment doubles every 7 years,what will be the value of the investment,in dollars,28 years from today?

  A. 8*(P^4)

  B. P^4

  C. 16*p

  D. 8*p

  E. 4*p

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  假設(shè)每年利息x，7年后本金翻倍：P*x^7=2P，x=2^(1/7)，28 年后就是 P*x^28=P*2^4，也就是 16*P，所以選 C。

  5. R is a list of 15 consecutive integers, and T is a list of 21 consecutive integers.The median of the integers in list R is equal to the least integer in list T.If the two lists are combined into one list of 36 integers,how many different integers are on the combined list?

  A. 25

  B. 27

  C. 28

  D. 32

  E. 36

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  兩個(gè)連續(xù)的整數(shù)數(shù)列R和T，其中R的中位數(shù)等于T的最小數(shù)，求兩個(gè)數(shù)列合并后會(huì)有多少個(gè)不重復(fù)的整數(shù)。因?yàn)镽的中衛(wèi)數(shù)等于T的最小數(shù)，且R一共有15個(gè)數(shù)字，因此從R的第八個(gè)整數(shù)開始往后的一共8個(gè)整數(shù)將和T中的前8個(gè)整數(shù)重復(fù)，所以兩者合并后不重復(fù)整數(shù)數(shù)量應(yīng)該是15+21-8=28個(gè)，所以選 C。

  閱讀邏輯機(jī)經(jīng)

  短篇閱讀

  What makes a worker ant perform one particular task rather than another?From the 1970s to the mid-1980s,researchers emphasized internal factors within individual ants,such as polymorphism,the presence in the nest of workers of different shapes and sizes,each suited to a particular task.Other elements then considered to have primary influence upon an ant's career were its age—it might change tasks as it got older—and its genetics.However,subsequent ant researchers have focused on external prompts for behavior.In advocating this approach,Deborah Gordon cites experiments in which intervention in a colony's makeup perturbed worker activity.By removing workers or otherwise altering the nest conditions,researchers were able to change the tasks performed by individual workers.

  It can be inferred from the passage that Gordon and earlier researchers would agree with which of the following statements about worker ants?

  A. Disruption of the nest can affect workers’roles.

  B. Genetics predominates over other factors in determining a worker ant's role.

  C. An individual worker's tasks can change during its lifetime.

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  disruption of the nest是在文章的后一部分在討論DG的實(shí)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候提出來的新的結(jié)論，顯然這個(gè)是不能被earlier researchers認(rèn)可的。researchers emphasized internal factors within individual ants, such as polymorphism,the presence in the nest of workers of different shapes and sizes,each suited to a particular task.Other elements then considered to have primary influence upon an ant's career were its age—it might change tasks as it got older—and its genetics這里面出現(xiàn)的才是二者所共同認(rèn)可的。所以 A 選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B 選項(xiàng)，文章顯然是沒有說過genetics是predominate的，所有的因素沒有出現(xiàn)一個(gè)排序，B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。既然年齡可以是一個(gè)影響因子，那么年齡變化，task也該變化，即在lifetime中task是改變的。C選項(xiàng)正確。

  長(zhǎng)篇閱讀

  What causes a helix in nature to appear with either a dextral(right-handed,or clockwise)twist or a sinistral(left-handed,or counterclockwise)twist is one of the most intriguing puzzles in the science of form.Most spiral-shaped snail species are predominantly dextral.But at one time,handedness (twist direction of the shell)was equally distributed within some snail species that have become predominantly dextral or,in a few species,predominantly sinistral.What mechanisms control handedness and keep left-handedness rare?It would seem unlikely that evolution should discriminate against sinistral snails if sinistral and dextral snails are exact mirror images,for any disadvantage that a sinistral twist in itself could confer on its possessor is almost inconceivable.But left and right-handed snails are not actually true mirror images of one another.Their shapes are noticeably different.Sinistral rarity might,then,be a consequence of possible disadvantages conferred by these other concomitant structural features.In addition,perhaps left-and right-handed snails cannot mate with each other,having incompatible twist directions.Presumably an individual of the rarer form would have relative difficulty in finding a mate of the same hand, thus keeping the rare form rare or creating geographically separated right-and left-handed populations.

  But this evolutionary mechanism combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance does not provide an adequate explanation of why right-handedness should have become predominant.It does not explain,for example,why the infrequent unions between snails of opposing hands produce fewer offspring of the rarer than the commoner form in species where each parent contributes equally to handedness.Nor does it explain why,in a species where one parent determines handedness,a brood is not exclusively right-or left-handed when the offspring would have the same genetic predisposition.In the European pond snail Lymnaea peregra,a predominantly dextral species whose handedness is maternally determined,a brood might be expected to be exclusively right- or left-handed—and this often occurs.However,some broods possess a few snails of the opposing hand,and in predominantly sinistral broods,the incidence of dextrality is surprisingly high.

  Here,the evolutionary theory must defer to a theory based on an explicit developmental mechanism that can favor either right-or left-handedness.In the case of Lymnaea peregra,studies indicate that a dextral gene is expressed during egg formation;i.e.,before egg fertilization,the gene produces a protein,found in the cytoplasm of the egg,that controls the pattern of cell division and thus handedness.In experiments,an injection of cytoplasm from dextral eggs changes the pattern of sinistral eggs,but an injection from sinistral eggs does not influence dextral eggs.One explanation for the differing effects is that all Lymnaea peregra eggs begin left-handed but most switch to being right-handed.Thus the path to a solution to the puzzle of handedness in all snails appears to be as twisted as the helix itself.

  1. The second paragraph of the passage is primarily concerned with offering possible reasons why

  A. it is unlikely that evolutionary mechanisms could discriminate against sinistral snails

  B. sinistrality is relatively uncommon among snail species

  C. dextral and sinistral populations of a snail species tend to intermingle

  D. a theory based on a developmental mechanism inadequately accounts for the predominance of dextrality across snail species

  E. dextral snails breed more readily than sinistral snails,even within predominantly sinistral populations

  正確答案

  B

  題目解析

  線索很明顯在第二段. A選項(xiàng)為誤導(dǎo)選項(xiàng),與第二段的第一句很像,如果只看這句就做題可能會(huì)被誤導(dǎo).但題目問的是"offering possible reasons"why,這是第二段中間的Sinistral rarity might....才明說.此句說造成的sinistral rarity這樣的結(jié)果可能是也由下面concomitant structural features造成,所以此句當(dāng)然也就是那些possible reasons要解釋的.

  2. Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between the evolutionary and developmental theories discussed in the passage?

  A. Although the two theories reach the same conclusion, each is based on different assumptions.

  B. They present contradictory explanations of the same phenomenon.

  C. The second theory accounts for certain phenomena that the first cannot explain.

  D. The second theory demonstrates why the first is valid only for very unusual,special cases.

  E. They are identical and interchangeable in that the second theory merely restates the first in less technical terms.

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  A direct contradiction,定位第四段第一句the evolutionary theory must defer to a theory based on an explicit developmental(defer to=服從)表示 evolutionary=developmental，所以assumptions應(yīng)當(dāng)相同，因此不選。

  B one word wrong,“contradictory”,它們兩者都表示對(duì)旋的無(wú)法理解，而不是對(duì)立矛盾，因此不選。

  C 正確，定位第四段的 cytoplasm，從 evolutionary 來看，是無(wú)法解釋的，所以選 C。

  D 出現(xiàn)了 only 這種極端用詞，所以錯(cuò)誤。

  E "identical and interchangeable"和文中 developmental 和 evolutionary 迚行的研究直接相悖，所以錯(cuò)誤。

  3. It can be inferred from the passage that a predominantly sinistral snail species might stay predominantly sinistral for each of the following reasons

  EXCEPT for

  A. a developmental mechanism that affects the cell-division pattern of snails

  B. structural features that advantage dextral snails of the species

  C. a relatively small number of snails of the same hand for dextral snails of the species to mate with

  D. anatomical incompatibility that prevents mating between snails of opposing hands within the species

  E. geographic separation of sinistral and dextral populations

  正確答案

  B

  題目解析

  A 選項(xiàng)的理由可在最后一段找到; B,C,D,E選項(xiàng)的線索都在第二段,但B選項(xiàng)是advantage‘dextral'snails而不是sinistral snails.

  B 中的 structure feature 在文中是用來解釋右旋比左旋更有優(yōu)勢(shì).而題目問的是,左旋物種一直保持左旋的塬因.即,structure feature 可以解釋左旋比右旋少,但是不能解釋為何左旋物種一直保持左旋。

  邏輯閱讀

  X-ray examination of a recently discovered painting—judged by some authorities to be a self-portrait by Vincent van Gogh—revealed an under image of a woman's face.Either van Gogh or another painter covered the first painting with the portrait now seen on the surface of the canvas.Because the face of the woman in the under image also appears on canvases van Gogh is known to have painted,the surface painting must be an authentic self-portrait by van Gogh.

  The conclusion is properly drawn if which of the following is assumed?

  A. If a canvas already bears a painted image produced by an artist,a second artist who uses the canvas to produce a new painting tends to be influenced by the style of the first artist.

  B. Many painted canvases that can be reliably attributed to van Gogh contain under images of subjects that appear on at least one other canvas that van Gogh is known to have painted.

  C. Any painted canvas incorrectly attributed to van Gogh would not contain an under image of a subject that appears in authentic paintings by that artist.

  D. A painted canvas cannot be reliably attributed to an artist unless the authenticity of any under image that painting might contain can be reliably attributed to the artist.

  E. A painted canvas cannot be reliably attributed to a particular artist unless a reliable x-ray examination of the painting is performed.

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  文章的邏輯鏈?zhǔn)切掳l(fā)現(xiàn)了一幅梵高的畫里的底畫中有一個(gè)女人的臉，而這張臉出現(xiàn)在別的梵高畫中，因此新發(fā)現(xiàn)的這張梵高畫必定是真品。選項(xiàng)C 則是把這句話做了個(gè)雙重否定，也就是任何不是梵高的畫，一定不會(huì)包含曾在梵高的真畫里出現(xiàn)過的底畫的主題。意思是一樣的，所以C正確。選項(xiàng)A和B里提到的作畫風(fēng)格和相似之處不本文邏輯推論鏈無(wú)關(guān)，因此錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)D和E則是推出了一個(gè)廣義上的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，也不適用于具體情況，因此也是錯(cuò)誤的。

請(qǐng)加sunny老師（微信號(hào)：shnc_2018）

百人留學(xué)備考群，名師答疑，助教監(jiān)督，分享最新資訊，領(lǐng)取獨(dú)家資料。掃碼免費(fèi)加入