前面小編分享的是：詳細(xì)的SAT語法動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)(上) ，詳細(xì)的SAT語法動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)(下)

  練習(xí)

  However, during the Industrial Revolution, the role of the child in the labor force changed dramatically. Young children were allowed to work in many industries, including coal mines, textile mills, tobacco factories, and sweatshops. In fact, children were often the preferred type of employee. Children's pay 37was much less than adults even when they produced the same amount of work. Additionally, children could perform some tasks that 38adults could not. They replaced spinning bobs and reached into small compartments under running machines.

  Many accounts of child labor investigations describe horrific and deplorable working conditions. In mills and factories, children were forced to use dangerous equipment. After working more than twelve hours per day, 39many fatigued children were injured by the machinery. Many child laborers also faced cruel treatment by their supervisors. Children had always received discipline at home, but employers took extreme measures 40to ensure that the working of the children was happening efficiently.

  One of the most dangerous jobs for 41children were coal mining. Not only did they face the immediate danger of working underground with heavy machinery, but they also risked later damage to their lungs and skin. During the mining process, coal dust and poisonous gases were released and inhaled.

  Because mining was so dangerous, boy's had to be 42at least of age fourteen years old to work underground. However, some parents would create fake birth certificates to allow their young boys to work in the mines.

  Overall, the conditions during the Industrial Revolution were unacceptable for children. Children were missing out on education and 43worked in dangerous situations. The increase in productivity did not 44validate the harms caused to child laborers.

  37. (A) NO CHANGE

  (B) was much fewer than adults

  (C) were much less than adults

  (D) was much less than adults’ pay

  38. Which choice most effectively combines the sentences at the underlined portion?

  (A) adults could not, they replaced spinning bobs and reached into small compartments under running machines.

  (B) adults could not; for example, replacing spinning bobs or reaching into small compartments under running machines.

  (C) adults could not, such as replacing spinning bobs or reaching into small compartments under running machines.

  (D) adults could not; replacing spinning bobs or reaching into small compartments under running machines.

  39. (A) NO CHANGE

  (B) and being fatigued, many children were injured by the machinery.

  (C) the machinery injured many fatigued children.

  (D) the machinery injured many of the children who were fatigued.

  40. (A) NO CHANGE

  (B) to ensure that the working of the children was efficiently being done.

  (C) in order to ensure that the children's work was being done efficiently.

  (D) to ensure that the children were working efficiently.

  41. (A) NO CHANGE

  (B) children being

  (C) children was

  (D) children are

  42. (A) NO CHANGE

  (B) at least fourteen years old to work

  (C) at least fourteen years of age, working

  (D) at least age fourteen, working

  43. (A) NO CHANGE

  (B) had worked

  (C) were working

  (D) had been working

  44. (A) NO CHANGE

  (B) justify

  (C) rate

  (D) corroborate

  答案

  37. 主語是children’s pay謂語動(dòng)詞是was less than比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該也是薪水ABC的選項(xiàng)都是大人，和薪水無關(guān)，謂語動(dòng)詞和賓語不搭配。此外B用fewer修飾不可數(shù)名詞C用復(fù)數(shù)的謂語動(dòng)詞修飾單數(shù)的主語名詞都是錯(cuò)誤的。

  因此D

  注意這里其實(shí)有一個(gè)指代不明的問題，選了D以后，句子修飾部分when they produced the same amount of work的they失去了指代，因?yàn)椴豢赡苁莄hildren’s pay 和 adult’s pay生產(chǎn)了同樣數(shù)量的工作。當(dāng)然這不意味著憑借這一點(diǎn)我們就認(rèn)為A、B、C在這里就正確了。事實(shí)上根據(jù)句意，我們可以看出這里produce the same amount of work的應(yīng)該是children and adults所以這題其實(shí)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都指代不明或者指代不正確。根據(jù)最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)的原則我們只能選擇D。句子最好的表達(dá)方式

  Children earned less than adults even when they produced the same amount of work.

  因此D

  38. A選項(xiàng)逗號(hào)前面的句子是children，逗號(hào)后面的句子主語是they兩個(gè)完整句子如果被包含在一個(gè)句子中的話，那么應(yīng)該使用連詞，否則就會(huì)犯了run-on sentences的錯(cuò)誤

  B分號(hào)相當(dāng)于重置了整個(gè)句子，分號(hào)后面應(yīng)該是完整的句子，有主語，首字母大寫。這些條件B選項(xiàng)都不符合。同樣D也是如此。

  C選項(xiàng)中逗號(hào)后面的such as作為modifier修飾這些大人不能做但是孩子可以做的工作。

  因此C

  39. A選項(xiàng)正確，work和主語搭配，并且邏輯通順，孩子們疲憊導(dǎo)致可能受傷，真是因?yàn)樽约汗ぷ髁颂鄷r(shí)間。這里為了突出孩子而不是機(jī)器，因此把動(dòng)作(傷害)的承受者作為主語，不需要過分關(guān)注。

  B注意和什么成分并列，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在分詞being fatigued和前面的working more than twelve hours per day 平行，因此也是在after后面，after being fatigued的意思是這些孩子這個(gè)時(shí)已經(jīng)不再疲倦了，不符合句意，不疲倦精神集中不會(huì)受傷。

  CD類似唯一的區(qū)別D表達(dá)啰嗦，可以直接修飾名詞的定語被轉(zhuǎn)化成從句，不簡潔。CD主要是改變了句子的主語，因?yàn)闄C(jī)器也是可以working more than twelve hours per day的，但是make sense并不止于此。句子說孩子工作時(shí)間太長容易疲憊被割傷，這是符合邏輯的。但是機(jī)器割傷孩子和機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)很長時(shí)間沒有什么關(guān)系。

  另外前后文說的都是童工的惡劣的工作環(huán)境，也有助于我們判斷句子修飾長時(shí)間工作到底是想修飾童工還是想修飾機(jī)器。

  因此A

  40. A選項(xiàng)表達(dá)非常奇怪，happen表示事情發(fā)生，是一種陳述，而不是強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，很少加上進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，working 和happening并用也有句子不簡潔的感覺

  B選項(xiàng)表達(dá)奇怪，the working was being done重點(diǎn)也并非是強(qiáng)調(diào)工作

  C選項(xiàng)同樣是濫用被動(dòng)語態(tài)

  D選項(xiàng)是正確。

  因此D

  41. A選項(xiàng)主語是one of 是單數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式

  B選項(xiàng)being不能作為謂語動(dòng)詞，整個(gè)句子沒有謂語

  C選項(xiàng)正確，符合主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)

  D時(shí)態(tài)不正確，整個(gè)句子和上下文都在討論過去的童工，下句醒目處就有did

  因此C

  42. A選項(xiàng)of sixteen years old中of和old重復(fù)

  B、C、D選項(xiàng)都在前面的至少16歲的表達(dá)上沒有明顯的問題，相對(duì)來說D表達(dá)更加簡潔但是BC沒有錯(cuò)誤沒有語義重復(fù)，而且BC的表達(dá)比較常見

  B中的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)是表達(dá)一個(gè)目的表達(dá)一個(gè)結(jié)果

  CD中后面的分句都是用現(xiàn)在分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞可以表示伴隨或者表示原因，但是不適合表達(dá)結(jié)果，相對(duì)來說B要優(yōu)

  因此B

  43. A選項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)沒有明顯的問題，作者討論的是工業(yè)革命時(shí)期童工的工作條件，屬于過去的事件，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)是可以表達(dá)這個(gè)意思的。但是注意and，我們需要找到平行，平行的對(duì)象是was missing an education，因此這里應(yīng)該需要一個(gè)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)來表達(dá)平行。

  B、D都不對(duì)，因?yàn)殡m然是過去發(fā)生的事情，但是對(duì)于完成時(shí)態(tài)還是要慎重，首先沒有邏輯上的先后關(guān)系，也沒有時(shí)間狀語，也不存在先是在惡劣的情況下不斷工作到作者描述的那個(gè)時(shí)間段帶來了影響這樣的關(guān)系。因此不恰當(dāng)。

  C選項(xiàng)正確，與and前面的謂語動(dòng)詞保持平行，主謂一致。

  因此C

  44. A選項(xiàng)：證實(shí)

  B選項(xiàng)：證明……有理，辯護(hù)

  C選項(xiàng)：估價(jià)，責(zé)罵

  D選項(xiàng)：支持，堅(jiān)定鞏固，證實(shí)

  生產(chǎn)力的提高并不能夠?對(duì)于兒童的傷害，C的話完全沒有關(guān)系可以首先排除

  A、D選項(xiàng)證實(shí)是相對(duì)來說不妥的，證實(shí)是證明存在與否，但是對(duì)于兒童的傷害是客觀存在的，而且不能夠通過生產(chǎn)力的提高能證明對(duì)于兒童的傷害是客觀存在的。

  B選項(xiàng)證明……有理是可以的，生產(chǎn)力提高不能證明的是對(duì)于兒童的傷害的合理性，而不是對(duì)于兒童的傷害這個(gè)事實(shí)本身。

  因此B

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